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If you are a system administrator and responsible for managing Docker containers then you may often need to connect to a running Docker container. It is very helpful if you want to see what is happening inside the container. You can use docker exec or docker attach command to connect to a running Docker container or get a shell to the container.

You’ve learned how to start, stop, list, and remove Docker containers. If you found this tutorial helpful and wish to learn more about Docker and Kubernetes, you can refer to Docker and Kubernetes for Java Developers, an easy-to-follow practical guide that will help Java developers develop, deploy, and manage Java applications efficiently. How to run docker container. If you want to run a docker container with a certain image and a specified command, you can do it in this fashion: docker run -it -d -name containername imagename bash. The above command will create a new container with the specified name from the specified docker image. The container name is optional.

In this tutorial, we will learn the following:

  1. How to use Docker exec command to connect to a running container.
  2. How to use Docker attach command to connect to a running container.
  3. How to SSH into a running container.

Prerequisites

  1. A Linux system with Docker installed and running.
  2. A root user or user account with sudo privileges.

Use the docker exec Command to Connect to a Running Container

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The docker exec is used to connect to a container that is already running. You can use the docker exec command to get a bash shell in the running container or run any command directly inside the container.

Get a Bash Shell in the Container

The basic syntax to get a bashshell in the running container is shown below:

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Or

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First, run the docker ps command to get the name of the existing container:

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You should get all running containers in the following output:

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CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
51e83428cee5 httpd 'httpd-foreground'5 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 80/tcpapache-container
5f8c42bfd237 nginx '/docker-entrypoint.…'29 seconds ago Up 27 seconds 80/tcpnginx-container

Next, choose the name of the running container from the above list and run the following command to get a bash shell in the container.

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docker container exec-it nginx-container /bin/bash

This will create a new bash session inside the container as shown below:

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Now, you can run any command inside the container. For example, run the “df -h” command inside the runningcontainer as shown below:

Docker run Command in Container

The basic syntax to run a command in the container directly without getting a bash shell.

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Docker Start Container Docker For Macpicturelasopa Top

Or

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For example, to run a “df -h” command inside the Nginxcontainer, use the following command:

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Docker

This will run the “df -h” command inside the Nginxcontainer and display the output:

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overlay 79G 4.3G 72G 6% /
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda179G 4.3G 72G 6% /etc/hosts
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /proc/scsi

Use the docker attach Command to Connect to a Running Container

You can also use the docker attach command to connect to a runningcontainer. This will allows you to view its ongoing output or to control it interactively. It is very helpful when you want to see what is written in stdout in real-time.

The basic syntax of the docker attach command is shown below:

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For example, Let's run the Nginx container and map port 80 in the container to port 8080 on the host machine.

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docker container run -dit --name=nginx-container -p 8080:80 nginx

Next, attach the Nginx container using the docker attach command:

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Now, open your web browser and access the URL http://your-docker-host-ip:8080. You can then watch the output of the Nginx process in real-time.

Now, press the CTRL+p and CTRL+c key combination to detach from the container.

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How to SSH into a Running Container

SSH is a secure shell protocol used to connect and manage the remote machines. You can also connect to a Dockercontainer using SSH. In this section, we will show you how to enable SSH on the running container and connect it using the SSH protocol.

Enable SSH on Docker Container

Before starting, you will need to enable SSH service on the container that you want to connect using SSH.

First, connect to a running container with the following command:

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Once connected, install the SSH service with the following command:

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[email protected]:/# apt-get install ssh -y

Next, edit the SSH default configuration file and permit root login:

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Add the following line:

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Save and close the file then restart the SSH service with the following command:

Next, set the rootpassword with the following command:

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Set your desired password as shown below:

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Retype new password:

Next, exit from the running container with the following command:

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SSH Into Docker Container

Next, you will need to find the IP address of the container that you want to connect with SSH.

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You can use the dockerinspect command to get the IP address of container:

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docker inspect -f '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}'nginx-container

You should get the IP address as shown below:

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Now, run the ssh command to connect to a running container:

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You will be asked for a password of the root user. Provide the password of the root user which we have set earlier and hit Enter. You should be into the nginx-container as shown below:

That's it!. You can use any of the above methods to connect to a running container.

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